Medieval barns were build by hand using a set of simple tools and a few lifting machines. The logs were rolled up onto a pair of trestles (1).

The carpenter stabilised the log with iron dogs and then marked it out using a plumb line, a set square and a chalk line (2).

He then cut notches in the side of the log
with a broad axe, using the chalk line as a guide (3)

The sections of wood between the notches
were removed using a side axe (4). This was repeated on the other three sides of the log.

Joints were cut with a hammer and chisel, They were held together by wooden pegs driven into hole made with an auger. Posts and beams were hauled into place using block and tackle.

The Carpenter and his Tools